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Installation

This document provides a guide on how to install Moonraker on a Raspberry Pi running Raspian/Rasperry Pi OS. Other SBCs and/or linux distributions may work, however they may need a custom install script. Moonraker requires Python 3.7 or greater, verify that your distribution's Python 3 packages meet this requirement.

Installing Klipper

Klipper should be installed prior to installing Moonraker. Please see Klipper's Documention for details. After installing Klipper you should make sure to add Moonraker's configuration requirements.

Klipper Configuration Requirements

Moonraker depends on the following Klippy extras for full functionality:

  • [virtual_sdcard]
  • [pause_resume]
  • [display_status]

If you have a [filament_switch_sensor] configured then [pause_resume] will automatically be loaded. Likewise, if you have a [display] configured then [display_status] will be automatically loaded. If your configuration is missing one or both, you can simply add the bare sections to printer.cfg:

[pause_resume]

[display_status]

[virtual_sdcard]
path: ~/gcode_files

Enabling the Unix Socket

After Klipper is installed it may be necessary to modify its defaults file in order to enable the Unix Domain Socket. Begin by opening the file in your editor of choice, for example:

sudo nano /etc/default/klipper

You should see a file that looks something like the following:

# Configuration for /etc/init.d/klipper

KLIPPY_USER=pi

KLIPPY_EXEC=/home/pi/klippy-env/bin/python

KLIPPY_ARGS="/home/pi/klipper/klippy/klippy.py /home/pi/printer.cfg -l /tmp/klippy.log"

Add -a /tmp/klippy_uds to KLIPPY_ARGS:

# Configuration for /etc/init.d/klipper

KLIPPY_USER=pi

KLIPPY_EXEC=/home/pi/klippy-env/bin/python

KLIPPY_ARGS="/home/pi/klipper/klippy/klippy.py /home/pi/printer.cfg -l /tmp/klippy.log -a /tmp/klippy_uds"

!!! note Your installation of Klipper may use systemd instead of the default LSB script. In this case, you need to modify the klipper.service file.

You may also want to take this opportunity to change the location of printer.cfg to match Moonraker's config_path option (see the configuration document for more information on the config_path). For example, if the config_path is set to ~/printer_config, your klipper defaults file might look like the following:

# Configuration for /etc/init.d/klipper

KLIPPY_USER=pi

KLIPPY_EXEC=/home/pi/klippy-env/bin/python

KLIPPY_ARGS="/home/pi/klipper/klippy/klippy.py /home/pi/printer_config/printer.cfg -l /tmp/klippy.log -a /tmp/klippy_uds"

If necessary, create the config directory and move printer.cfg to it:

cd ~
mkdir printer_config
mv printer.cfg printer_config

Installing Moonraker

Begin by cloning the git respository:

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/Arksine/moonraker.git

Now is a good time to create moonraker.conf. If you are using the config_path, create it in the specified directory otherwise create it in the HOME directory. The sample moonraker.conf in the docs directory may be used as a starting point.

For a default installation run the following commands:

cd ~/moonraker/scripts
./install-moonraker.sh

Or to install with moonraker.conf in the config_path:

cd ~/moonraker/scripts
./install-moonraker.sh -f -c /home/pi/printer_config/moonraker.conf

The install script has a few command line options that may be useful, particularly for those upgrading:

  • -r: Rebuilds the virtual environment for existing installations. Sometimes this is necessary when a dependency has been added.
  • -f: Force an overwrite of Moonraker's systemd script. By default the the systemd script will not be modified if it exists.
  • -c /home/pi/moonraker.conf: Specifies the path to Moonraker's config file. The default location is /home/<user>/moonraker.conf. When using this option to modify an existing installation it is necessary to add -f as well.

When the script completes it should start both Moonraker and Klipper. In /tmp/klippy.log you should find the following entry:

webhooks client <uid>: Client info {'program': 'Moonraker', 'version': '<version>'}

Now you may install a client, such as Mainsail or Fluidd.

!!! Note Moonraker's install script no longer includes the nginx dependency. If you want to install one of the above clients on the local machine, you may want to first install nginx (sudo apt install nginx on debian/ubuntu distros).

Command line usage

This section is intended for users that need to write their own installation script. Detailed are the command line arguments available to Moonraker:

usage: moonraker.py [-h] [-c <configfile>] [-l <logfile>] [-n]

Moonraker - Klipper API Server

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -c <configfile>, --configfile <configfile>
                        Location of moonraker configuration file
  -l <logfile>, --logfile <logfile>
                        log file name and location
  -n, --nologfile       disable logging to a file

The default configuration is:

  • config file path- ~/moonraker.conf
  • log file path - /tmp/moonraker.log
  • logging to a file is enabled

If one needs to start moonraker without generating a log file, the -n option may be used, for example:

~/moonraker-env/bin/python ~/moonraker/moonraker/moonraker.py -n -c /path/to/moonraker.conf

In general it is not recommended to install moonraker with this option. While moonraker will still log to stdout, all requests for support must be accompanied by moonraker.log.

These options may be changed by editing /etc/systemd/system/moonraker.service. The install-moonraker.sh script may also be used to modify the config file location.

PolicyKit Permissions

Some of Moonraker's components require elevated privileges to perform actions. Previously these actions could only be run via commandline programs launched with the sudo prefix. This has significant downsides:

  • The user must be granted NOPASSWD sudo access. Raspberry Pi OS grants the Pi user this access by default, however most other distros require that this be enabled through editing visudo or adding files in /etc/sudoers.d/.
  • Some linux distributions require additional steps such as those taken in sudo_fix.sh.
  • Running CLI programs is relatively expensive. This isn't an issue for programs that are run once at startup, but is undesirable if Moonraker wants to poll information about the system.

Moonraker now supports communicating with system services via D-Bus. Operations that require elevated privileges are authrorized through PolicyKit. On startup Moonraker will check for the necessary privileges and warn users if they are not available. Warnings are presented in moonraker.log and directly to the user through some clients.

To resolve these warnings users have two options:

  1. Install the PolicyKit permissions with the set-policykit-rules.sh script, for example:
cd ~/moonraker/scripts
./set-policykit-rules.sh
sudo service moonraker restart

!!! tip If you still get warnings after installing the PolKit rules, run the install script with no options to make sure that all new dependencies are installed.

```shell
cd ~/moonraker/scripts
./install-moonraker.sh
```
  1. Configure Moonraker to use the legacy backend implementations for the machine and/or update_manager components, ie:
# Use the systemd CLI provider rather than the DBus Provider
[machine]
provider: systemd_cli

# Edit your existing [update_manager] section to disable
# PackageKit.  This will fallback to the APT CLI Package Update
# implementation.
[update_manager]
#..other update manager options
enable_packagekit: False

# Alternatively system updates can be disabled
[update_manager]
#..other update manager options
enable_system_updates: False

!!! Note Previously installed PolicyKit rules can be removed by running set-policykit-rules.sh -c

Retrieving the API Key

Some clients may require an API Key to connect to Moonraker. After the [authorization] component is first configured Moonraker will automatically generate an API Key. There are two ways in which the key may be retrieved by the user:

Retrieve the API Key via the command line (SSH):

cd ~/moonraker/scripts
./fetch-apikey.sh

Retrieve the API Key via the browser from a trusted client:

  • Navigate to http://{moonraker-host}/access/api_key, where {moonraker-host} is the host name or ip address of the desired moonraker instance.

  • The result will appear in the browser window in JSON format. Copy The API Key without the quotes.

      {"result": "8ce6ae5d354a4365812b83140ed62e4b"}

Additional Notes

  • Make sure that Moonraker and Klipper both have read and write access to the directory set in the path option for the [virtual_sdcard] in printer.cfg.
  • Upon first starting Moonraker is not aware of the gcode file path, thus it cannot serve gcode files, add directories, etc. After Klippy enters the "ready" state it sends Moonraker the gcode file path. Once Moonraker receives the path it will retain it regardless of Klippy's state, and update it if the path is changed in printer.cfg.

Please see configuration.md for details on how to configure moonraker.conf.