148 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
148 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
This document provides a list of steps to help confirm the pin
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settings in the Klipper printer.cfg file. It is a good idea to run
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through these steps after following the steps in the
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[installation document](Installation.md).
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During this guide, it may be necessary to make changes to the Klipper
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config file. Be sure to issue a RESTART command after every change to
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the config file to ensure that the change takes effect (type "restart"
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in the Octoprint terminal tab and then click "Send"). It's also a good
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idea to issue a STATUS command after every RESTART to verify that the
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config file is successfully loaded.
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### Verify temperature
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Start by verifying that temperatures are being properly
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reported. Navigate to the Octoprint temperature tab.
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Verify that the temperature of the nozzle and bed (if applicable) are
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present and not increasing. If it is increasing, remove power from the
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printer. If the temperatures are not accurate, review the
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"sensor_type" and "sensor_pin" settings for the nozzle and/or bed.
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### Verify M112
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Navigate to the Octoprint terminal tab and issue an M112 command in
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the terminal box. This command requests Klipper to go into a
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"shutdown" state. It will cause Octoprint to disconnect from Klipper -
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navigate to the Connection area and click on "Connect" to cause
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Octoprint to reconnect. Then navigate to the Octoprint temperature tab
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and verify that temperatures continue to update and the temperatures
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are not increasing. If temperatures are increasing, remove power from
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the printer.
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The M112 command causes Klipper to go into a "shutdown" state. To
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clear this state, issue a FIRMWARE_RESTART command in the Octoprint
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terminal tab.
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### Verify heaters
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Navigate to the Octoprint temperature tab and type in 50 followed by
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enter in the "Tool" temperature box. The extruder temperature in the
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graph should start to increase (within about 30 seconds or so). Then
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go to the "Tool" temperature drop-down box and select "Off". After
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several minutes the temperature should start to return to its initial
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room temperature value. If the temperature does not increase then
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verify the "heater_pin" setting in the config.
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If the printer has a heated bed then perform the above test again with
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the bed.
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### Verify stepper motor enable pin
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Verify that all of the printer axes can manually move freely (the
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stepper motors are disabled). If not, issue an M84 command to disable
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the motors. If any of the axes still can not move freely, then verify
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the stepper "enable_pin" configuration for the given axis. On most
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commodity stepper motor drivers, the motor enable pin is "active low"
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and therefore the enable pin should have a "!" before the pin (for
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example, "enable_pin: !ar38").
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### Verify endstops
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Manually move all the printer axes so that none of them are in contact
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with an endstop. Send a QUERY_ENDSTOPS command via the Octoprint
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terminal tab. It should respond with the current state of all of the
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configured endstops and they should all report a state of "open". For
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each of the endstops, rerun the QUERY_ENDSTOPS command while manually
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triggering the endstop. The QUERY_ENDSTOPS command should report the
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endstop as "TRIGGERED".
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If the endstop appears inverted (it reports "open" when triggered and
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vice-versa) then add a "!" to the pin definition (for example,
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"endstop_pin: ^!ar3"), or remove the "!" if there is already one
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present.
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If the endstop does not change at all then it generally indicates that
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the endstop is connected to a different pin. However, it may also
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require a change to the pullup setting of the pin (the '^' at the
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start of the endstop_pin name - most printers will use a pullup
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resistor and the '^' should be present).
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### Verify stepper motor direction
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Make sure the printer.cfg file does not have "homing_speed" set for
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any axis (or set it to a value of 5 or less).
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On cartesian style printers, manually move the X axis to a midway
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point, issue a G28X0 command, and verify that the X motor moves slowly
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towards the endstop defined for that axis. If the motor moves in the
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wrong direction issue an M112 command to abort the move. A wrong
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direction generally indicates that the "dir_pin" for the axis needs to
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be inverted. This is done by adding a '!' to the "dir_pin" in the
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printer config file (or removing it if one is already there). For
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example, change "dir_pin: xyz" to "dir_pin: !xyz". Then RESTART and
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retest the axis. If the axis does not move at all, then verify the
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"enable_pin" and "step_pin" settings for the axis. For cartesian style
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printers, repeat the test for the Y and Z axis with G28Y0 and G28Z0.
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For delta style printers, manually move all three carriages to a
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midway point and then issue a G28 command. Verify all three motors
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move simultaneously upwards. If not, issue an M112 command and follow
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the troubleshooting steps in the preceding paragraph.
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### Verify extruder motor
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To test the extruder motor it will be necessary to heat the extruder
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to a printing temperature. Navigate to the Octoprint temperature tab
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and select a target temperature from the temperature drop-down box (or
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manually enter an appropriate temperature). Wait for the printer to
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reach the desired temperature. Then navigate to the Octoprint control
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tab and click the "Extrude" button. Verify that the extruder motor
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turns in the correct direction. If it does not, see the
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troubleshooting tips in the previous section to confirm the
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"enable_pin", "step_pin", and "dir_pin" settings for the extruder.
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### Calibrate PID settings
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Klipper supports
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[PID control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PID_controller) for the
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extruder and bed heaters. In order to use this control mechanism it is
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necessary to calibrate the PID settings on each printer. (PID settings
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found in other firmwares or in the example configuration files often
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work poorly.)
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To calibrate the extruder, navigate to the OctoPrint terminal tab and
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run the PID_CALIBRATE command. For example: `PID_CALIBRATE
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HEATER=extruder TARGET=170`
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At the completion of the tuning test, update the printer.cfg file with
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the recommended pid_Kp, pid_Ki, and pid_Kd values.
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If the printer has a heated bed and it supports being driven by PWM
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(Pulse Width Modulation) then it is recommended to use PID control for
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the bed. (When the bed heater is controlled using the PID algorithm it
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may turn on and off ten times a second, which may not be suitable for
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heaters using a mechanical switch.) A typical bed PID calibration
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command is: `PID_CALIBRATE HEATER=heater_bed TARGET=60`
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### Next steps
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This guide is intended to help with basic verification of pin settings
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in the Klipper configuration file. It may be necessary to perform
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detailed printer calibration - a number of guides are available online
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to help with this (for example, do a web search for "3d printer
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calibration").
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