docs: Add a Manual_Probe.md document
Add information on calibrating the bed on traditional printers with a Z endstop and bed screws. Signed-off-by: Kevin O'Connor <kevin@koconnor.net>
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@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ leveling.
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For printers with an "automatic Z probe" be sure to calibrate the
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probe following the directions in the
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[Probe Calibrate](Probe_Calibrate.md) document. For delta printers,
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see the [Delta Calibrate](Delta_Calibrate.md) document.
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see the [Delta Calibrate](Delta_Calibrate.md) document. For printers
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with bed screws and traditional Z endstops, see the
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[Manual Level](Manual_Level.md) document.
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During calibration it may be necessary to set the printer's Z
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`position_min` to a negative number (eg, `position_min = -2`). The
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@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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This document describes tools for calibrating a Z endstop and for
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performing adjustments to bed leveling screws.
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# Calibrating a Z endstop
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An accurate Z endstop position is critical to obtaining high quality
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prints.
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Note, though, the accuracy of the Z endstop switch itself can be a
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limiting factor. If one is using Trinamic stepper motor drivers then
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consider enabling [endstop phase](Endstop_Phase.md) detection to
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improve the accuracy of the switch.
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To perform a Z endstop calibration, home the printer, move the head to
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a position near the center of the bed, navigate to the OctoPrint
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terminal tab, and run:
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```
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Z_ENDSTOP_CALIBRATE
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```
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Then perform the ["paper test"](Bed_Level.md#the-paper-test) steps to
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determine the actual height at the given position. One can then
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`ACCEPT` the position and save the results to the config file with:
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```
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SAVE_CONFIG
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```
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It's preferable to use a Z endstop switch on the opposite end of the Z
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axis from the bed. (Homing away from the bed is more robust as then it
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is generally always safely to home the Z.) However, if one must home
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towards the bed it is recommended to adjust the endstop so that it
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triggers a small distance (eg, .5mm) above the bed. Almost all endstop
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switches can safely be depressed a small distance beyond their trigger
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point. When this is done, one should find that the
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`Z_ENDSTOP_CALIBRATE` command reports a small positive value (eg,
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.5mm) for the Z position_endstop. Triggering the endstop while it is
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still some distance from the bed reduces the risk of inadvertent bed
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crashes.
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Some printers have the ability to manually adjust the location of the
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physical endstop switch. However, it's recommended to perform Z
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endstop positioning in software with Klipper - once the physical
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location of the endstop is in a convenient location, one can make any
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further adjustments by running Z_ENDSTOP_CALIBRATE or by manually
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updating the Z position_endstop in the configuration file.
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# Adjusting bed leveling screws
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The secret to getting good bed leveling with bed leveling screws is to
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utilize the printer's high precision motion system during the bed
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leveling process itself. This is done by commanding the nozzle to a
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position nearest each bed screw and then adjusting that screw until
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the bed is a set distance from the nozzle. Klipper has a tool to
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assist with this. In order to use the tool it is necessary to specify
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each screw XY location.
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This is done by creating a `[bed_screws]` config section. For example,
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it might look something similar to:
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```
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[bed_screws]
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screw1: 100,50
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screw2: 100,150
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screw3: 150,100
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```
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If a bed screw is under the bed, then specify the XY position directly
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above the screw. If the screw is outside the bed then specify an XY
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position closest to the screw that is still within the range of the
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bed.
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Once the config file is ready, run `RESTART` to load that config, and
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then one can start the tool by running:
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```
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BED_SCREWS_ADJUST
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```
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This tool will move the printer's nozzle to each screw XY location and
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then move the nozzle to a Z=0 height. At this point one can use the
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"paper test" to adjust the bed screw directly under the nozzle. See
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the information described in
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["the paper test"](Bed_Level.md#the-paper-test), but adjust the bed
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screw instead of commanding the nozzle to different heights. Adjust
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the bed screw until there is a small amount of friction when pushing
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the paper back and forth.
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Once the screw is adjusted so that a small amount of friction is felt,
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run either the `ACCEPT` or `ADJUSTED` command. Use the `ADJUSTED`
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command if the bed screw needed an adjustment (typically anything more
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than about 1/8th of a turn of the screw). Use the `ACCEPT` command if
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no significant adjustment is necessary. Both commands will cause the
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tool to proceed to the next screw. (When an `ADJUSTED` command is
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used, the tool will schedule an additional cycle of bed screw
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adjustments; the tool completes successfully when all bed screws are
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verified to not require any significant adjustments.) One can use the
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`ABORT` command to exit the tool early.
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This system works best when the printer has a flat printing surface
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(such as glass) and has straight rails. Upon successful completion of
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the bed leveling tool the bed should be ready for printing.
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## Fine grained bed screw adjustments
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If the printer uses three bed screws and all three screws are under
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the bed, then it may be possible to perform a second "high precision"
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bed leveling step. This is done by commanding the nozzle to locations
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where the bed moves a larger distance with each bed screw adjustment.
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For example, consider a bed with screws at locations A, B, and C:
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For each adjustment made to the bed screw at location C, the bed will
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swing along a pendulum defined by the remaining two bed screws (shown
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here as a green line). In this situation, each adjustment to the bed
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screw at C will move the bed at position D a further amount than
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directly at C. It is thus possible to make an improved C screw
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adjustment when the nozzle is at position D.
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To enable this feature, one would determine the additional nozzle
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coordinates and add them to the config file. For example, it might
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look like:
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```
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[bed_screws]
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screw1: 100,50
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screw1_fine_adjust: 0,0
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screw2: 100,150
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screw2_fine_adjust: 300,300
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screw3: 150,100
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screw3_fine_adjust: 0,100
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```
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When this feature is enabled, the `BED_SCREWS_ADJUST` tool will first
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prompt for coarse adjustments directly above each screw position, and
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once those are accepted, it will prompt for fine adjustments at the
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additional locations. Continue to use `ACCEPT` and `ADJUSTED` at each
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position.
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@ -12,15 +12,12 @@ The Klipper configuration is stored in a simple text file on the host
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machine. The [config/example.cfg](../config/example.cfg) file serves
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as a reference for the config file. See the [Slicers](Slicers.md)
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document for information on configuring a slicer with Klipper. See the
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[Endstop Phase](Endstop_Phase.md) document for information on
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Klipper's "stepper phase adjusted endstop" system. See the
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[Bed Level](Bed_Level.md) document for information on bed leveling
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with Klipper. See the [Probe Calibrate](Probe_Calibrate.md) document
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for information on calibrating automatic Z probes. See the
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[Delta Calibrate](Delta_Calibrate.md) document for information on
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calibrating delta printers. The
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[Pressure Advance](Pressure_Advance.md) document contains information
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on tuning the pressure advance config.
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[Bed Level](Bed_Level.md), [Endstop Phase](Endstop_Phase.md),
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[Probe Calibrate](Probe_Calibrate.md),
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[Delta Calibrate](Delta_Calibrate.md), and
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[Manual Level](Manual_Level.md) documents for information on bed
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leveling with Klipper. The [Pressure Advance](Pressure_Advance.md)
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document contains information on tuning the pressure advance config.
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The [kinematics](Kinematics.md) document provides some technical
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details on how Klipper implements motion. The [FAQ](FAQ.md) answers
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Reference in New Issue